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Patients (n = 29) Age (years) – mean ± SD 59.1 ± 11.7 Female – n (%) 20 (69.0) Previous lumbar surgery – n (%) 6 (20.7) Diagnosis Degenerative disc disease 23 (79.3) Listhesis 8 (27.6) Stenosis 6 (20.7) De novo scoliosis 3 (10.3) Preoperative symptoms – n (%) Low back pain 26 (89.7) Radiculopathy 25 (86.2) Other1 8 (27.6) Abbreviations: n, number of patients; SD, standard deviation.
↵1 ”Other” preoperative symptoms include: neurogenic claudication, palsy, and/or motor deficit.
Patient Number SE Description Levels treated (IONM registered) Cage size / level SE Location Resolution 2 Pain L2-3.L3-4 (L4-5) 10 x 22 x 50 L Anterior thigh 3 months 3 Pain and quad palsy L3-4 (L4-5) 10 x 22 x 55 L Contralateral thigh Improved 4 Pain L3-4 (L4-5) 8 x 18 x 55 L Anterior thigh 3 months 7 Pain L4-5 10 x 22 x 50 L Anterior thigh 1 month 10 Pain L2-3, L3-4 (L4-5) 10 x 22 x 55 L Anterior thigh 1 month 14 Pain and tingling L3-4, L4-5 10 X 18 X 55 L 8 x 18 x 55 Anterior thigh 1 month 17 Pain and burning L4-5 10 x 18 x 45 L Anterior thigh Improved 25 Paresthesia L3-4 (L4-5) 10 x 22 x 55 L Anterior thigh 1 month 26 Pain and paresthesia (L2-3), L3-4, L4-5 8 x 22 x 50 L Inguinal area Improved 27 Pain and hyposthesia (L4-5) 8 X 22 X 55 L Improved - Table 3
Levels-treated comparison of intraoperative variables between patients with and without postoperative sensory changes (SE).
No SE (n = 27) SE (n = 20) p-value Retraction time (min) – mean ± SD 31.5 ± 2.2 27.4 ± 2.5 0.217 Alert-level EMG response – n (%) 13 (41.9) 7 (43.8) 0.905 Psoas dimensions – mean ± SD Anteroposterior 38.1 ± 2.0 37.3 ± 2.4 0.814 Lateral 31.9 ± 1.8 25.6 ± 2.1 0.025* Ratio AP:Lateral 1.3 ± 0.1 1.7 ± 0.2 0.026* Abbreviations: n, number of patients; SD, standard deviation.