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Inclusion Exclusion Undergoing thoracic and/or lumbar spinal surgery for correction of any adult deformity via posterior spinal fusion (including TLIF or PLIF) Significant medical history preventing the use of TXA as described in this protocol Greater than 6 vertebral levels Current use of anticoagulant medication or past medical history leading to an abnormal coagulation profile preoperatively Age 18 to 80 History of renal failure or elevated creatinine above 1.4 Male or Female History of thromboembolic event (DVT or PE) within last year History of seizures Religious or other beliefs limiting blood transfusion TXA Control Blood Loss Standard Deviation Blood Loss Standard Deviation Sample Size Needed Intraoperative Blood Loss 1072 mL ±425 mL 1420 mL ±644 mL 58 Total Blood Transfused 1253 mL ±884 mL 1784 mL ±733 mL 55
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