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Tables
Demographic During Hours Group After Hours Group P Value Age, y, mean ± SD (range) 55.7 ± 19.8 (16–87) 55.2 ± 20.1 (2–95) 0.89 Sex, men, n (%) 34 (69.4%) 119 (62.0%) 0.34 Comorbidity, n (%) Malignancy 10 (20.4%) 32 (16.7%) 0.54 Congestive heart failure 2 (4.1%) 16 (8.3%) 0.31 Coronary artery disease 8 (16.3%) 23 (12.0%) 0.42 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 3 (6.12%) 14 (7.29%) 0.775 Hypertension 22 (44.90%) 91 (47.40%) 0.756 Hyperlipidemia 14 (28.57%) 45 (23.44%) 0.456 Diabetes mellitus 14 (28.57%) 35 (18.23%) 0.108 Liver disease 3 (6.12%) 6 (3.13%) 0.323 Chronic kidney disease 6 (12.24%) 15 (7.81%) 0.326 Alcohol abuse, n (%) 3 (6.12%) 23 (11.98%) 0.238 Drug abuse, n (%) 2 (4.08%) 18 (9.38%) 0.231 Anticoagulant use, n (%) 7 (14.29%) 21 (10.94%) 0.514 Antiplatelet use, n (%) 12 (24.49%) 21 (10.94%) 0.014 Prior site surgery, n (%) 11 (22.45%) 48 (25.00%) 0.711 Neurological deficit, n (%) 24 (50.00%) 84 (44.27%) 0.476 American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale, n (%) 0.083 A 4 (8.51%) 20 (11.05%) B 3 (6.12%) 26 (14.36%) C 8 (17.02%) 28 (15.47%) D 24 (51.06%) 56 (30.94%) E 8 (17.02%) 51 (28.18%) American Society of Anesthesiologists class, n (%) 0.062 1 or 2 10 (20.41%) 43 (22.40%) 3 25 (51.02%) 68 (33.42%) 4 or 5 14 (28.57%) 81 (42.19%) Characteristic During Hours Group After Hours Group P Value Spinal level, n (%) 0.5 Cervical 21 (42.9%) 74 (38.5%) Thoracic 14 (28.67%) 71 (37.0%) Lumbar 14 (28.6%) 47 (24.5%) Spinal pathology, n (%) 0.2 Degenerative 19 (38.8%) 58 (30.2%) Infection 7 (14.3%) 36 (18.8%) Oncology 7 (14.3%) 13 (6.8%) Trauma 16 (32.7%) 85 (44.3%) Urgency of surgery, n (%) Blue immediate 6 (12.2%) 8 (4.2%) 0.03 Blue within 1 h 11 (22.5%) 78 (40.6%) 0.02 Blue within 3 h 23 (47.0%) 75 (39.1%) 0.32 Blue within 6 h 9 (18.4%) 31 (16.2%) 0.71 Length of surgery, min, mean ± SD 145.3 ± 92.4 129.8 ± 83.9 0.29 Spinal fusion, n (%) 28 (57.1%) 99 (51.9%) 0.49 C-arm, n (%) 34 (69.4%) 138 (71.9%) 0.73 O-arm, n (%) 1 (2.0%) 5 (2.6%) >0.99 Estimated blood loss, mL, mean ± SD 303.9 ± 379.5 274.4 ± 273.5 0.61 Outcomes During Hours Group After Hours Group P Value Improvement in American Spinal Injury Association, mean ± SD 0.3 ± 0.6 0.3 ± 0.8 0.854 Intensive care unit length of stay, d, mean ± SD 4.6 ± 8.7 6.313 ± 12.142 0.272 Hospital length of stay, d, mean ± SD 13.5 ± 11.0 14.2 ± 16.1 0.724 30-day return to operating room, n (%) 7 (14.3%) 13 (6.8%) 0.089 30-day readmission, n (%) 1 (2.0%) 12 (6.3%) 0.244 30-day mortality, n (%) 2 (4.1%) 14 (7.3%) 0.420