Posterior occipito-axial fixation applied C2 laminar screws for pediatric atlantoaxial instability caused by Down syndrome: Report of 2 cases

Hiroshi Kuroki; Shinichiro Kubo; Hideaki Hamanaka; Etsuo Chosa

doi:10.1016/j.ijsp.2012.05.002

Article Information

vol. 6 210-215

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsp.2012.05.002

Published By

International Journal of Spine Surgery

Online ISSN

2211-4599

History

Published online January 1, 2012.

© 2012 ISASS - International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License, permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Author Information

Hiroshi Kuroki, MD*,
Shinichiro Kubo, MD,
Hideaki Hamanaka, MD and
Etsuo Chosa, MD

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Miyazaki Faculty of Medicine, Miyazaki, Japan

↵* Corresponding author: Hiroshi Kuroki, MD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Miyazaki Faculty of Medicine, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, 889-1692 Japan; Tel: 81-985-85-0986; Fax: 81-985-84-2931. E-mail address: hiroshik{at}med.miyazaki-u.ac.jp

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