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- Published online April 27, 2024.
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This manuscript is generously published free of charge by ISASS, the International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery. Copyright © 2024 ISASS. To see more or order reprints or permissions, see http://ijssurgery.com.
Author Information
- Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, MD1,2,3,4,5⇑ the Interamerican Society for Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery,
- Heber Humberto Alfaro Pachicano, MD6 the Mexican Society of Spinal Surgeons (AMCICO),
- Rossano Kepler Alvim Fiorelli, MD7,
- John C. Elfar, MD8,
- Stefan Landgraeber, MD9,
- Joachim Oertel, MD10 the International Society for Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery,
- Stefan Hellinger, MD11,
- Álvaro Dowling, MD12 the Interamerican Society for Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery,
- Paulo Sérgio Teixeira De Carvalho, MD, PʜD13,
- Max R. F. Ramos, MD, PʜD14,15,
- Helton Defino, MD, PʜD16 the Brazilian Spine Society,
- João Paulo Bergamaschi, MD17,
- Paul Houle, MD18,
- Nicola Montemurro, MD, PʜD19,
- Christopher Yeung, MD20 the Society for Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery (SMISS),
- Marcelo Brito, MD21,
- Douglas P. Beall, MD22,
- Gerd Ivanic, MD23,
- Zhang Xifeng, MD24,
- Zhen-Zhou Li, MD25,
- Hyeun-Sung Kim, MD, PʜD26,
- Jin-Sung L. Kim, MD, PʜD27,28 the Korean Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery and
- Morgan P. Lorio, MD29 the International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery
- 1Division Personalized Pain Research and Education, Center for Advanced Spine Care of Southern Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- 2Department of Orthopaedics, Full Professor, Fundación Universitaria Sanitas, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
- 3Department of Orthopedics at Hospital Universitário Gaffree Guinle, Dr. honoris causa, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- 4National Academy of Medicine of Colombia, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
- 5National Academy of Medicine of Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- 6Star Médica, Veracruz, México
- 7Department of General and Specialized Surgery, Gaffrée e Guinle Universitary Hospital, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- 8Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson Campus, Tucson, AZ, USA
- 9Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Klinik für Orthopädie, Homburg, Germany
- 10Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes Neurosschirurgie Klinikdirektor, Homburg, Germany
- 11Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Arabellaklinik, Munich, Germany
- 12Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- 13Pain and Spine Minimally Invasive Surgery Service at Gaffree Guinle University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- 14Federal University of the Rio de Janeiro State UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- 15Orthopedic Clinics at Gaffrée Guinle University Hospital HUGG,, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- 16Department of Orthopaedic Spine Surgery, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- 17Atualli Spine Care, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- 18Cape Cod Healthcare, Boston University School of Medicine, Hyannis, MA, USA
- 19Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- 20Desert Institute for Spine Care, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- 21Clínica Articulare, Belem, Brazil
- 22Comprehensive Specialty Care, Clinical Radiology of Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, USA
- 23Die Orthopaeden, Graz, Austria
- 24Department of Orthopedics, First Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- 25Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- 26Spinartus Hospital Chungdam, Seoul, South Korea
- 27Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- 28College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- 29Advanced Orthopedics, Altamonte Springs, FL, USA
- Correspondence to Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Center For Advanced Spine Care of Southern Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA; business{at}tucsonspine.com